P0418 - Epidemiological Analysis and Overall Survival of Esophageal Cancer in a Developing Middle Eastern Country Over 18 Years

Zaid A. Abdulelah, MD¹, Ahmed A. Abdulelah, MD², Abdulrahman Alhajahjeh, ³, Ahmad Ghazzawi, MD², Dalya Murshedi, MD², Muna Rommaneh, MD⁴, Amer Khatib, MD^2
1St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, England, United Kingdom; ²School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 'Amman, Jordan; ³University of Jordan School of Medicine, Amman, 'Amman, Jordan; ⁴Abdali Hospital, Amman, 'Amman, Jordan

Introduction: Despite that esophageal cancer is not among the leading malignancies worldwide, the resultant associated morbidity and mortality leads to significant health and socioeconomic burden. Therefore, the determination of the epidemiological features and characteristics of esophageal malignancies in the Middle East is of paramount interest for the effective introduction of risk aversion interventions and preventative measures.

Methods: Extensive data on 609 individuals, both males and females, of different nationalities residing in Jordan who were diagnosed with esophageal cancer during 2000-2018 was retrieved from the Jordan Cancer Registry, the official cancer epidemiology body in Jordan. Statistical analysis was performed to establish the epidemiological characteristics and features of esophageal cancer in Jordan, including the overall survival rates and crude incidence.

Results: A total of 609 individuals with a mean age of 60.3 ± 14 years old and male predominance of 63.7% were included in the analysis. Smoking was prevalent in 16.3% of the included individuals. Despite that the exact tumor location was not reported in the vast majority of patients (63.4%), 19.5% of the patients had esophageal cancer in the lower third of the esophagus while 5.9% and 4.1% had esophageal malignancy in the upper third and middle third of the esophagus, respectively. Moderately differentiated tumors were the most commonly encountered as reported in 38.3% of the patients, whereas 25% had poorly differentiated tumors at the time of diagnosis. Only 13.5% of patients had localized disease at the time of diagnosis, while a concerning 16.4% had widespread disease with distant metastasis. Squamous cell carcinoma was the more prevalent malignancy as reported in 52.6% of the patients, in contrast to adenocarcinoma which was reported in only 32.5% of the patients. A statistically insignificant increase in the crude incidence of esophageal cancer in Jordan over 18 years was evident with an estimated crude incidence estimated effect of 0.002. The overall survival rate was 77.1%, 68%, 55%, and 38.5% at 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 4-year, respectively.

Discussion: Over 18-year period, esophageal cancer in Jordan demonstrated deviation from global trends and figures in terms of tumor morphology and overall survival, and thus mandating the implementation of effective interventions, both therapeutic and preventative.


Disclosures:


Zaid A. Abdulelah, MD¹, Ahmed A. Abdulelah, MD², Abdulrahman Alhajahjeh, ³, Ahmad Ghazzawi, MD², Dalya Murshedi, MD², Muna Rommaneh, MD⁴, Amer Khatib, MD². P0418 - Epidemiological Analysis and Overall Survival of Esophageal Cancer in a Developing Middle Eastern Country Over 18 Years, ACG 2023 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Vancouver, BC, Canada: American College of Gastroenterology.