P0906 - The Global Burden of Liver Cancer Attributable to Risk Factors in 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Database 2019

Fouad Jaber, MD¹, Saqr Alsakarneh, MD¹, Anika Mittal, MS¹, Saeed Abughazaleh, MD², Yazan Abboud, MD³, Rasheed Musa, MD⁴, Khaled Elfert, MD⁵, Azizullah Beran, MD⁶, Mohammad Jaber, MD⁷, Majd Khadra, MD⁸, Adel Muhana, MD¹, Ahmed Salih, MD⁹, Omar Tageldin, MD¹⁰, Zubair Khan, MD¹¹, Wendell Clarkston, MD^12
1University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO; ²St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Brighton, MA; ³Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ; ⁴East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN; ⁵SBH Health System, Bronx, NY; ⁶Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN; ⁷Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestinian Territories; ⁸Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University, Detroit, MI; ⁹Indiana University School of Medicine, Muncie, IN; ¹⁰Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY; ¹¹Mercy Clinic, Poland, OH; ¹²University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Saint Luke’s Hospital of Kansas City, Kansas City, MO

Introduction: According to 2020 estimates, liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer diagnosis and the third leading cause of cancer death. The global burden of liver cancer is significant. Understanding the magnitude of the cancer burden attributed to potentially modifiable risk factors is critical to developing effective prevention and harm reduction strategies. We analyzed the results of the 2019 Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Database (GBD) to support cancer planning efforts in regions worldwide.

Methods: Data were obtained from the GBD 2019 Database, which provides information on incident cases, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries. The GBD 2019 comparative risk assessment framework was used to estimate the burden of liver cancer attributable to behavioral and metabolic risk factors. Estimated Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in 2019 worldwide divided into six regions (Americas, Africa, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, Southeast Asia, Western Pacific) are presented.

Results: The risk-attributable burden of liver cancer varied by region, with alcohol consumption, smoking, and high body mass index being the top three risk factors globally for risk-related liver cancer DALYs for both sexes combined in 2019. Alcohol consumption was the leading risk factor for risk-related liver cancer DALYs in 2019 in the Americas, Africa, Europe, and Southeast Asia, with a DALYs rate of 34.88 [29.09-40.88], 10.41 [7.80-13, 40], 51.97 [42.17-61.75] and 23.39 [18.01-29.85], respectively(
Figure 1

). In contrast, tobacco use and high BMI were the major risk factors for risk-attributable liver cancer DALYs in the western Pacific and eastern Mediterranean, accounting for 35% and 38% of risk-attributable liver cancer DALYs, respectively ( Figure 1). High fasting plasma glucose had the lowest impact on liver cancer burden across all regions, ranging from 1-2% (
Figure 1).

Discussion: Behavioral risk factors, particularly alcohol consumption, smoking, and high BMI, were found to be the primary contributors to the global burden of liver cancer in 2019. Reducing exposure to these modifiable risk factors has the potential to decrease liver cancer mortality and DALY rates worldwide significantly. Tailored policies and interventions should be implemented to address




the specific burden of local cancer risk factors.



Disclosures:


Fouad Jaber, MD¹, Saqr Alsakarneh, MD¹, Anika Mittal, MS¹, Saeed Abughazaleh, MD², Yazan Abboud, MD³, Rasheed Musa, MD⁴, Khaled Elfert, MD⁵, Azizullah Beran, MD⁶, Mohammad Jaber, MD⁷, Majd Khadra, MD⁸, Adel Muhana, MD¹, Ahmed Salih, MD⁹, Omar Tageldin, MD¹⁰, Zubair Khan, MD¹¹, Wendell Clarkston, MD¹². P0906 - The Global Burden of Liver Cancer Attributable to Risk Factors in 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Database 2019, ACG 2023 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Vancouver, BC, Canada: American College of Gastroenterology.