P1825 - Temporal Trends and Disparities in Esophageal Cancer-Specific Mortality Rates in the United States (1999-2020): A Focus on Gender and Racial Differences for Targeted Interventions

Hassam Ali, MD¹, Faisal Inayat, MBBS², Attiq Ur Rehman, MD³, Arslan Afzal, MD⁴, Gul Nawaz, MD⁵, Aamir Saeed, MD⁶, Brandon Tedder, MD⁷, Shiza Sarfraz, MD⁸, Ali Jaan, MD⁹, Subanandhini Subramaniam. Parameshwari, MD^7
1ECU Health Medical Center / Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC; ²Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan; ³Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; ⁴Woodhull Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY; ⁵Marshfield Medical Center, Marshfield, WI; ⁶Merit Health Wesley, Hattiesburg, MS; ⁷East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC; ⁸Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan; ⁹Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY

Introduction: Esophageal cancer is a significant public health concern. The understanding of disparities in mortality rates among different demographic groups is crucial for targeted interventions. This study aims to analyze temporal trends and disparities in esophageal cancer-specific mortality rates in the United States between 1999 and 2020, focusing on gender and racial differences to identify potential areas for improvement and targeted actions.

Methods: We examined esophageal cancer-specific deaths in the United States from 1999–2020 using the CDC WONDER Underlying Cause of Death database. We extracted data on mortality rates, sex, and race. Age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated and analyzed using joinpoint regression to identify temporal trends with a focus on gender and racial disparities.

Results: Between 1999 and 2020, esophageal cancer mortality rates significantly decreased, declining from 4.4 to 3.7 per 100,000, with an overall average annual percent change (AAPC) of -0.8% (95% CI: -1.0%, -0.6%, P < 0.001) (Panel A). Gender disparities were evident, as females experienced a more significant decrease in mortality rates with an AAPC of -1.4% (95% CI: -1.5%, -1.2%, P < 0.001) compared to males with an AAPC of -0.8% (95% CI: -1.0%, -0.6%, P < 0.001) (Panel B). Racial disparities also emerged, with Black individuals showing a substantial decrease in mortality rates (AAPC -4.5%, 95% CI: -4.7%, -4.3%, P < 0.001), outpacing the decrease observed in Whites. Asian or Pacific Islander individuals similarly experienced a notable reduction in mortality rates (AAPC -1.3%, 95% CI: -1.7%, -0.9%, P < 0.001), as did American Indian or Alaska Native individuals (AAPC -1.6%, 95% CI: -2.5%, -0.6%, P = 0.002) when compared to Whites (Panel C).

Discussion: Our analysis highlights considerable progress in reducing esophageal cancer mortality rates, with disparities among different demographic groups. The substantial decrease in mortality rates among Black, Asian or Pacific Islander, and American Indian or Alaska Native individuals compared to Whites, and the more significant decrease for females, demonstrates the impact of targeted efforts to address disparities.



Disclosures:


Hassam Ali, MD¹, Faisal Inayat, MBBS², Attiq Ur Rehman, MD³, Arslan Afzal, MD⁴, Gul Nawaz, MD⁵, Aamir Saeed, MD⁶, Brandon Tedder, MD⁷, Shiza Sarfraz, MD⁸, Ali Jaan, MD⁹, Subanandhini Subramaniam. Parameshwari, MD⁷. P1825 - Temporal Trends and Disparities in Esophageal Cancer-Specific Mortality Rates in the United States (1999-2020): A Focus on Gender and Racial Differences for Targeted Interventions, ACG 2023 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Vancouver, BC, Canada: American College of Gastroenterology.